Leverage on gold expresses the ratio between the notional value of a XAUUSD position and the margin a broker requires to hold it. With gold near 2,410 dollars an ounce, one standard 100-ounce lot carries a notional value of approximately 241,000 dollars, requiring about 2,410 dollars of margin at 1:100 and about 12,050 dollars at 1:20.
Leverage does not determine risk. Risk is stop distance multiplied by position size, so a trader on 1:500 who sizes to one percent of equity is taking exactly the same risk as a trader on 1:20 with the same ticket. Retail gold leverage is capped in the UK and EU, and most brokers reduce it further around CPI, non-farm payrolls and FOMC announcements when gold volatility is expected to rise.